jueves, 24 de septiembre de 2009

Key Terms (Hardware)

Bar code reader: for reading printed barcodes.

Cathode-ray tube monitor (CRT): vacuum tube to display an image on a screen.

CD-R: A compact-disk format that allows to record audio or other digital data in a permanent way.

CD-ROM: Data on a CD-ROM can only be read, not changed or altered.

CD-ROM drive: drive on which a CD-ROM can be `played'

CD-RW: is a rewritable optical disc format.

CD-RW drive: allows to read and write data to a CD.

Digital camera: a camera that encodes an image and store it for later reproduction.

Digitize: To convert to digital form.

Disk (Floppy disk): device to store information. It is in a hard square cover.

Disk drive: computer hardware that holds and spins a magnetic or optical disk and reads and writes information on it.

Display: To present or hold up to view.

Dot matrix printer: a printer that represents each character as a pattern of dots from a dot matrix.

DVD: "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc"

DVD-ROM drive: They are read-only, which means they can read DVDs, but cannot alter or write to them.

Ergonomic keyboard: keyboard designed to minimize muscle strain.

Ergonomics: science that studies the relation between workers and their environments.

Facsimile (Fax) machine: a device that sends or receives pictures and text over a telephone line.

Fax modem: a modem with the capability of handling fax transmissions.

Fire Wire: digital interface that can transport data at very high speeds.

Flash memory: A rewritable memory chip that retains its data without a power supply

Graphics tablet handwriting recognition: the computer turns the handwriting into digital text.

Hard disk: used for the recording and retrieval of digital information.

Hot swap: To remove or replace a component while the computer is still running.

Impact printer: uses pressure to transfer the pigment on a ribbon to the substrate

Inkjet printer: propelling variably-sized droplets of ink onto almost any sized page.

Interface standards: connecting a computer to a printer or certain other devices over a parallel physical and electrical interface.



Joystick: A manual control or cursor device, as one attached to a computer or video.

Keyboard: the primary text input device, set of keys, on a computer terminal, word processor, typewriter, or piano.

Laser printer: printer that focuses a laser beam to form images that are transferred to paper electrostatically.



Line printer: printer that serves as an output device on a computer; prints a whole line of characters at a time.



Magnetic ink character reader: Ink containing magnetic particles to permit reading of printed characters by a magnetic character reader.

Magnetic tape: A sequential storage medium used for data collection, backup and archiving.

Monitor: 1--A device that accepts video signals from a computer and displays information on a screen; a video display.

2-- A program that observes, supervises, or controls the activities of other programs.



Mouse: device that controls the coordinates of a cursor on your computer screen as you move it around on a pad.

Multifunction printer (MFP): an office machine which incorporates the functionality of multiple devices in one.

Nonimpact printer: creates images on a substrate without striking it such as ink jet, photo copier, and laser printing device.

Optical character recognition (OCR): electronic identification and digital encoding of printed or handwritten characters by means of an optical scanner and specialized software.

Optical disc driver: any storage device that uses light or lasers to store or retrieve information.

Optical mark reader: A scanning device that can read marks such as pencil marks on a page; used to read forms and multiple-choice questionnaires.

Pen-based computer: computer that uses pattern-recognition software to enable it to accept handwriting as a form of input.

Photo printer: A printer specialized for smaller prints such as 4x6" and 5x7".

Plotter: A device that uses one or more pens that can be raised, lowered and moved over the printing media to draw graphics or text.



Pointing stick (TrackPoint): A small knob found in the middle of some keyboards that works like a very short isometric joytick. Pressing it toward or away from you or from side to side moves the pointer on the screen.



Point-Of-Sale (POS) terminal: terminals that are combined with cash registers, bar code readers, optical scanners and magnetic stripe readers for accurately and instantly capturing the transaction.

Printer: output device that reproduces data on paper or another medium.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) tag: the use of an object applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves.

RFID reader: a device that is used to interrogate an RFID tag.

Random access: the ability to access an arbitrary element of a sequence in equal time.

Removable cartridge media: A hard disk that has a self-contained casing, can be removed from the drive, and has greater storage capacity than floppy disks.



Repetitive-stress injuries: injuries that happen when too much stress is placed on a part of the body, resulting in inflammation, muscle strain, or tissue damage.

Resolution: the number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display; the greater the resolution, the better the picture.

Scanner: an electronic device that generates a digital representation of an image for data input to a computer.

Sensor: A device or organ that detects certain external stimuli and responds in a distinctive manner.

Sequential access: An access method in which records are read from, written to, or removed from a file based on the logical order of the records in the file.

Solid-state storage: is a data storage device that uses solid-state memory to store persistent data.

Sound card: A computer hardware device used for generating and capturing sounds.

Storage device: a device that preserves information for retrieva.

Tape drive: a data storage device that reads and writes data stored on a magnetic tape.

Touch screen: a computer display that enables the user to interact with the computer by touching areas on the screen.

Touchpad (trackpad): a pointing device consisting of specialized surface that can translate the motion and position of a user's fingers.

Trackball: an electronic device consisting of a rotatable ball in a housing; used to position the cursor and move images on a computer screen.

Universal serial bus (USB): is a serial bus standard to connect devices to a host computer.

Video projectors: Device used to project video images onto a screen.


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